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History of Mahabalipuram

Lying elegantly on the Coromondel Coast facing the Bay of Bengal, the flourishing port town Mahabalipuram was the second capital of the Pallavas, the ruler of Kanchipuram. The town of 7-pagoda Mahabalipuram has been renamed Mamallapuram. Legend has it that the place derives its name from demon Mahabali whom Lord Vishnu killed taking the form of a dwarf. Others say that Pallava King Narsimha Barman I (630-668 AD) was a Mahamalla (big fighter), hence it is Mahamallapuram or Mamallapuram.

With the decline of the Gupta Dynasty, the Pallavas reached the pinnacle of glory in southern India and continued their reign from 3rd century till the end of 9th century A.D. In history the great Pallava rulers are rated highly because their rule was no less than a 'cultural renaissance' which brought changes in wide spectrum in the field of art and architecture.

Noted dramatists, artists, scholars, poets and saints are the gift of this period. Mahabalipuram is a vivid reminder of the creative, aesthetic and artistic bent of mind of the Pallavas especially the great pallava kings Narasimha Varman I (AD 630-668) and Narsimha Varman II (AD 700-728).Under these two rulers the finest temples and rock carvings were built. The several monuments related with Shiva or Vishnu are the testimonials of its ancient history. When king Mahendra Varman (AD 600-630) got converted into Shaivism, these mounuments were built. Till date its rich legacy finds expression in stone sculptures and temples.

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